Abstract
This study briefly reviews the major findings of Appalachian migration research during the twentieth century before turning to an analysis of 2005-2009 American Community Survey data on migration as it affects Appalachia. The questions guiding the analysis are: Is large-scale migration still affecting the region? What is the magnitude of the migration flows within as well as into and out of the region? What is the magnitude of in- and outmigration at the subregional level and at the county level by economic type? What is the pattern of migration between the urban and rural areas within the region? What is the "turnover" rate (inmigrants + outmigrants/total population) for the various geographic areas studied? The findings indicate that after the large-scale population movements of the previous century, the Appalachian region is now in a period of relative population stability with low turnover rates. The majority of Appalachians were non-movers, and most of those who did move stayed within their own counties or moved to other Appalachian counties. This stability may reflect a temporary lull caused by the recent economic downturn and the concomitant lack of job opportunities; migration rates can be expected to rise should job opportunities become more plentiful. Unexpected outcomes of the study include the finding that, among international movers to Appalachia, Asians far surpass Central American immigrants, and that the number of European immigrants to the region is on a par with that of Central American immigrants.
