ABSTRACT
In Thinking with Demons, Stuart Clark demonstrated how one of the fundamental principles that informed early modern European demonological discussion was the concept that demons could not operate beyond the bounds of nature. They were incapable of supernatural acts, but because of their superior abilities and knowledge of the hidden properties of nature that were unknown to humans, they could operate preternaturally: that is, in wondrous ways but not miraculous ways. However, although this was an idea that was steadfastly upheld, its application in practical terms was often problematic. This article will demonstrate this by examining the debate between the Puritan exorcist John Darrell and his opponents, John Deacon and John Walker, who argued that contemporary possession and exorcism was not possible. In particular, it will explore the two main ways in which Deacon and Walker attempted to undermine Darrell's activities.
