The Ethics of Inclusion: The גר and the אזרח in the Passover to Yhwh

When Yhwh instructs Moses on how the Israelites are to keep the Passover to Yhwh in Exod 12, Yhwh commands the inclusion of the גר in the cultic celebration. This article explores the ethical dimensions of this instruction, identifying two cooperating ethical principles—the Golden Rule analogy and the imitation of God. The Passover to Yhwh in Exod 12 encourages Israel to recall and reflect on their experience as גרים in Egypt and to imitate the divine patronage of Yhwh toward those who live as dependents among them.